9.14. Coding Practice

Write the Cake structure, which has instance variables name, color, diameter, and has_icing.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // Write your code for the struct Cake here. int main() { Cake c = { "Mary", "blue", 3.5, false }; }

Below is one way to implement the program. We declare the Cake struct and list the instance variables in order.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; int main() { Cake c = { "Mary", "blue", 3.5, false }; }

Write the function printCakeInfo, which prints the cake’s information in the format “This is a color, diameter inch diameter cake with/without icing.” If name does not have the value “n/a”, printCakeInfo prints out “Happy birthdday name! Your cake is color, has a diameter inch diameter, and comes with/without icing.”

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; // Write your code for the printCakeInfo function here. int main() { Cake c1 = { "n/a", "red", 12.5, true }; printCakeInfo (c1); Cake c2 = { "Tom", "white", 10, false }; printCakeInfo (c2); }

Write the makeCake function, which prompts the user for a name, color, diameter, and whether or not they want icing. The function then returns the cake.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; void printCakeInfo (Cake c); // Write your code for the makeCake function here. int main() { Cake input = makeCake (); printCakeInfo (input); } ==== void printCakeInfo (Cake c) { if (c.name == "n/a") { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake without icing." << endl; } } else { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes without icing." << endl; } } }

Below is one way to implement the program. We create a Cake for the user, read in the user’s input using cin, and return the Cake.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; void printCakeInfo (Cake c); Cake makeCake () { Cake input; string name, color; double diameter; char icing; cout << "Name: "; cin >> name; input.name = name; cout << "Color: "; cin >> color; input.color = color; cout << "Diameter: "; cin >> diameter; input.diameter = diameter; cout << "Icing? (y/n) "; cin >> icing; if (icing == 'y') { input.has_icing = true; } else { input.has_icing = false; } return input; } int main() { Cake input = makeCake (); printCakeInfo (input); } ==== void printCakeInfo (Cake c) { if (c.name == "n/a") { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake without icing." << endl; } } else { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes without icing." << endl; } } }

Write the function changeCakeDiameter, which takes a Cake and a double as a parameter. changeCakeDiameter then multiplies the original diameter by the double and modifies the cake to have this new diameter.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; void printCakeInfo (Cake c); Cake makeCake (); // Write your code for the changeCakeDiameter function here. int main() { Cake original = { "John", "green", 8.5, true }; changeCakeDiameter (original, 2); printCakeInfo (original); } ==== void printCakeInfo (Cake c) { if (c.name == "n/a") { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake without icing." << endl; } } else { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes without icing." << endl; } } } Cake makeCake () { Cake input; string name, color; double diameter; char icing; cout << "Name: "; cin >> name; input.name = name; cout << "Color: "; cin >> color; input.color = color; cout << "Diameter: "; cin >> diameter; input.diameter = diameter; cout << "Icing? (y/n) "; cin >> icing; if (icing == 'y') { input.has_icing = true; } else { input.has_icing = false; } return input; }

Write the editCake function, which prompts the user for a new name, color, diameter, and whether or not they want icing. The function modifies the original cake that is passed in as a parameter. Use the makeCake function in your implementation to avoid duplicate code!

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; void printCakeInfo (Cake c); Cake makeCake (); // Write your code for the editCake function here. int main() { Cake original = { "Oops", "orange", 185, true }; editCake (original); printCakeInfo (original); } ==== void printCakeInfo (Cake c) { if (c.name == "n/a") { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake without icing." << endl; } } else { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes without icing." << endl; } } } Cake makeCake () { Cake input; string name, color; double diameter; char icing; cout << "Name: "; cin >> name; input.name = name; cout << "Color: "; cin >> color; input.color = color; cout << "Diameter: "; cin >> diameter; input.diameter = diameter; cout << "Icing? (y/n) "; cin >> icing; if (icing == 'y') { input.has_icing = true; } else { input.has_icing = false; } return input; }

Below is one way to implement the program. We call makeCake in editCake and then set the original cake equal to the new one.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Cake { string name; string color; double diameter; bool has_icing; }; void printCakeInfo (Cake c); Cake makeCake (); void editCake (Cake& c) { Cake newCake = makeCake (); c = newCake; } int main() { Cake original = { "Oops", "orange", 185, true }; editCake (original); printCakeInfo (original); } ==== void printCakeInfo (Cake c) { if (c.name == "n/a") { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "This is a " << c.color << "," << c.diameter << " inch diameter cake without icing." << endl; } } else { if (c.has_icing) { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes with icing." << endl; } else { cout << "Happy birthday " << c.name << "! Your cake is " << c.color << ", has a " << c.diameter << " inch diameter, and comes without icing." << endl; } } } Cake makeCake () { Cake input; string name, color; double diameter; char icing; cout << "Name: "; cin >> name; input.name = name; cout << "Color: "; cin >> color; input.color = color; cout << "Diameter: "; cin >> diameter; input.diameter = diameter; cout << "Icing? (y/n) "; cin >> icing; if (icing == 'y') { input.has_icing = true; } else { input.has_icing = false; } return input; }

Write the struct Shirt, which has the instance variables color and size.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // Write your code for the struct Shirt here. int main () { Shirt t = { "blue", 'L' }; }

Write the Pants structure, which has instance variables size and material.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // Write your code for the struct Pants here. int main() { Pants p = { 'S', "denim" }; }

Below is one way to implement the program. We declare the Pants struct and list the instance variables in order.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Pants { char size; string material; }; int main() { Pants p = { 'S', "denim" }; }

Write the struct Outfit, which is a nested structure that has a Shirt, Pants, and has_hat.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // Write your code for the struct Outfit here. int main () { Shirt t = { "blue", 'L' }; Pants p = { 'S', "denim" }; Outfit o = { t, p, true }; }

Write the printOutfit function, which prints out details of the outfit. The output below should be “Shirt: blue and L; Pants: S and denim; has hat”.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Shirt { string color; char size; }; struct Pants { char size; string material; }; struct Outfit { Shirt s; Pants p; bool has_hat; }; // Write your code for the printOutfit function here. int main() { Shirt t = { "blue", 'L' }; Pants p = { 'S', "denim" }; Outfit o = { t, p, true }; printOutfit (o); }

Below is one way to implement the program.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Shirt { string color; char size; }; struct Pants { char size; string material; }; struct Outfit { Shirt s; Pants p; bool has_hat; }; void printOutfit (Outfit o) { // "Shirt: blue and L; Pants: S and denim; has hat" cout << "Shirt: " << o.s.color << " and " << o.s.size << "; Pants:" << o.p.size << " and " << o.p.material << "; "; if (o.has_hat) { cout << "has hat" << endl; } else { cout << "does not have hat" << endl; } } int main() { Shirt t = { "blue", 'L' }; Pants p = { 'S', "denim" }; Outfit o = { t, p, true }; printOutfit (o); }

Write the changeShirts and changePants functions, which both take an Outfit as a parameter. changeShirts also takes a Shirt as a parameter and changePants also takes a Pants as a parameter. Each function modifies the Outfit and changes the shirt or pants to the new input.

If you did Q9, then feel free to copy the printOutfit function from there into this program.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; struct Shirt { string color; char size; }; struct Pants { char size; string material; }; struct Outfit { Shirt s; Pants p; bool has_hat; }; // Write your code for the changeShirts function here. // Write your code for the changePants function here. int main() { Shirt t = { "blue", 'L' }; Pants p = { 'S', "denim" }; Outfit o = { t, p, true }; printOutfit (o); Shirt newShirt = { "red", 'M' }; Pants newPants = { 'M', "khakis" }; changeShirts (o, newShirt); changePants (o, newPants); printOutfit (o); }

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